Climate Change Forecasts Alteration of Avalanche Patterns in Switzerland by 2100

Climate change is predicted to reduce the number of dry snow avalanches in Switzerland while increasing the risk of wet snow avalanches by 2100. An expected rise in winter temperatures may lead to fewer avalanches overall but a greater frequency of dangerous wet snow conditions, particularly above the tree line. The WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research indicates that extreme snowfall events could still occur, necessitating revised safety measures.

Climate change is anticipated to shift avalanche patterns in Switzerland by 2100, leading to a decrease in the overall number of avalanches, while simultaneously increasing the risk associated with wet snow avalanches. Researchers from the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF) predict that with an average winter temperature rise of approximately five degrees Celsius, dry snow avalanches will become less frequent, though extreme snowfall events could still produce significant avalanches at higher altitudes. Notably, wet snow avalanches, which occur when the snowpack is saturated with melt or rainwater, are expected to rise in frequency, particularly above the tree line. The study involved analyzing the impacts of climate change on avalanche activity at seven locations in Switzerland, including Weissfluhjoch near Davos and a site at 2,700 meters close to Zermatt.

The study conducted by the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research reflects broader concerns regarding the impact of climate change on natural phenomena. Avalanches, which pose significant hazards in mountainous regions, are heavily influenced by climatic variations. As global temperatures rise, there is an expectation that these changes will alter snow conditions, with wet snow avalanches becoming more prevalent due to increased moisture. This change necessitates a re-evaluation of safety measures in ski resorts situated in vulnerable areas, highlighting the importance of monitoring and managing the risks associated with climate change in alpine environments.

In summary, climate change is expected to significantly alter the avalanche landscape in Switzerland by 2100, with a projected decrease in dry snow avalanches and a rise in wet snow avalanches. The findings from the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research underscore the critical need for adaptive strategies, including the potential closure of ski resorts in high-risk areas, to mitigate the dangers posed by these evolving conditions. Overall, these insights are crucial for understanding how ongoing climate changes will affect safety and risk management in mountainous regions globally.

Original Source: www.swissinfo.ch