Study Warns Natural World Heritage Sites Vulnerable to Extreme Climate Events

A study by Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences reveals that by 2100, nearly all natural world heritage sites will face extreme climate events due to climate change under high-emission scenarios. 14 sites, particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures and lacking biodiversity, require urgent attention. The preservation of these sites is jeopardized by both climate dynamics and human activities, necessitating immediate actions to safeguard them and achieve sustainable development goals.

A recent study published in the journal Communications Earth & Environment reveals that natural world heritage sites (NWHS) are increasingly vulnerable to extreme climate events, with projections indicating that by the end of the century, 248 out of 250 sites will experience such events under a high-emission scenario. The researchers from Peking University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences assessed the exposure of 250 sites and identified that forest heritage areas may face complex extreme phenomena exacerbated by rising emissions. Notably, in tropical regions, 14 sites require urgent attention due to their vulnerability to high temperatures and low biodiversity. These include significant sites across Africa, Australia, Brazil, the United States, and Réunion Island.

Climate change is expected to heighten the frequency and severity of extreme weather conditions such as extreme heat, heavy rainfall, and droughts at these sites. The study indicates that under controlled greenhouse gas emission scenarios, notably those aligned with the Paris Agreement, NWHSs could experience reduced exposure to extreme climate events. However, under unchecked emission scenarios, a concerning 36.4% of NWHSs are projected to suffer from compound extreme climate exposure, highlighting the stark effects of potential future emissions.

Historical data show that 44.8% of NWHSs have already faced extreme heat events between 2000 and 2015, with projections suggesting that this number will increase dramatically by 2100. As these sites come under pressure from both climate change and human activities, including tourism and mining, their preservation becomes increasingly challenging. The urgent call for a commitment to carbon neutrality could simultaneously aid in protecting these invaluable sites and help achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target aimed at safeguarding cultural and natural heritage. Currently, 16 NWHSs are listed as being in danger, with climate change identified as a predominant threat.

The issue of climate change directly impacts natural world heritage sites worldwide. These sites, recognized for their outstanding universal value, are facing increasing threats from extreme weather conditions resulting from rising global temperatures. As the climate continues to change, the need to preserve biodiversity and protect these sites becomes critical. Researchers from reputable institutions have undertaken studies to assess the extent of these vulnerabilities, especially concerning emissions scenarios and the anticipated frequency of extreme climate events.

The study underscores the urgent need for action to protect natural world heritage sites from the escalating threat of climate change. With projections indicating a substantial increase in exposure to extreme climatic events, particularly under high emission scenarios, it is imperative that global efforts toward carbon neutrality are accelerated. Protecting these sites is integral not only for biodiversity conservation but also for the achievement of broader sustainability goals. As numerous sites remain on the danger list, proactive measures must be prioritized to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change affecting these vital areas.

Original Source: www.downtoearth.org.in