Rwanda-Backed Rebels Claim Control of Goma, DRC Amid Intensified Conflict

M23 rebels backed by Rwanda claim they have seized control of Goma in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The city has experienced heavy artillery fire amid civilian displacement and power outages. The conflict is rooted in historical tensions following the 1994 Rwandan genocide. UN Secretary General has urged Rwanda to withdraw its forces, as the humanitarian crisis deepens with both military and civilian casualties increasing.

In the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, M23 rebels, supported by Rwanda, have reportedly taken control of the city of Goma. On Sunday, artillery fire was pervasive throughout the city, as residents attempted to escape the violence, with many heading toward the city center. The conflict has left Goma, a city of over one million, with power outages and empty streets as residents sought refuge from the fighting.

The M23 group emerged in 2012, during a prolonged period of conflict in eastern Congo, exacerbated by issues stemming from the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Recently, the M23 has advanced significantly, capturing territory throughout North Kivu province and posing a renewed threat to Goma. The rebels claim they operate to protect minority groups, such as the Tutsi, while human rights organizations have accused them of committing serious abuses.

The situation intensified in January when M23 fighters expanded into neighboring South Kivu province, providing an ultimatum to Congolese forces to surrender. Despite support from UN peacekeepers, private military contractors, and local militias, the Congolese army faces challenges in repelling the rebels. Additionally, a regional military force from southern Africa has been assisting the Congolese military, which is often criticized for its lack of resources and effectiveness.

As fatalities from the conflict continue to mount, including the deaths of UN peacekeepers and soldiers, the United Nations has evacuated much of its civilian staff from Goma amid growing fears for the city’s security. Aid organizations have followed suit, potentially leaving numerous displaced individuals without essential support.

Internationally, Rwanda’s backing of the M23 has been recognized by the UN and several governments, with reports indicating up to 4,000 Rwandan troops are active in the region. UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres has urged Rwanda to withdraw its forces, stating that Rwandan troops participated in operations alongside the rebels. Rwanda has denied its involvement but accuses the Congolese government of collaborating with hostile forces.

The recent turmoil in Goma has resulted in hospitals being overwhelmed with casualties due to ongoing gunfire and explosions. Despite the chaos, Congolese officials have reiterated their commitment to defend the city. While diplomatic tensions have elevated, Congo has not formally declared war on Rwanda.

The situation in Goma reflects a grave humanitarian crisis fueled by decades of conflict in the region. The involvement of M23 rebels, backed by Rwanda, has escalated violence and led to significant civilian displacement and suffering. With international scrutiny increasing, the importance of a ceasefire and a pathway to peace remains critical for the affected populations and stability in eastern Congo.

Original Source: www.gpb.org