Rwanda’s Mineral Resources: Insights from Expert Geologist Digne Rwabuhungu

Geologist Digne Rwabuhungu refutes claims that Rwanda lacks minerals, showcasing historical surveys indicating deposits of tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold since the 1930s. He emphasizes the significance of the Karagwe-Ankole Belt and discusses the rising importance of lithium. Looking ahead, he foresees increased demand for critical minerals, urging responsible production and investment in skilled professionals.

Digne Rwabuhungu, a geologist and head of the School of Mining and Geology at the University of Rwanda, has countered the narrative that Rwanda lacks mineral resources. He pointed out that geological surveys from the 1930s revealed significant deposits of tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold in the country. Educated in Belgium, he has contributed to numerous mining and geology research publications, including editing an African academic reference book on geology degrees.

In his discussions, Professor Rwabuhungu invited skeptics to consult colonial-era archives and maps stored at the Royal Museum for Central Africa, which document mineral findings in Rwanda and neighboring regions. He asserted that Rwanda’s geological significance is closely tied to the Karagwe-Ankole Belt, rich in various minerals, underscoring that mineral resources transcend borders and can extend into multiple countries.

Rwabuhungu elaborated on the fluctuating concept of critical minerals, noting their economic importance and the risks associated with supply. Since the 1930s, geological findings have confirmed Rwanda’s mineral deposits, particularly connected to the complex geological structures present in the region. The Rwanda Development Board has identified numerous historical occurrences and operational mines within the country, focusing particularly on cassiterite, coltan, and gold.

On the recent discovery of lithium in Rwanda, Rwabuhungu noted its rising importance as a critical mineral, especially in the production of rechargeable batteries used in electric vehicles. He provided examples of other countries that engage in lithium mining, including Australia, China, and the United States, highlighting the commonality of this mineral in contemporary markets.

Addressing historical research impacts, Rwabuhungu remarked that scientific exploration during colonial times was uneven, with disproportionate investment in certain regions. He emphasized the need for further research and development in Rwanda, stressing that the establishment of the School of Mining and Geology at UR in 2015 has been a significant step toward producing skilled professionals in the field.

Looking ahead, Rwabuhungu predicted rising demand for critical minerals alongside technological advancements in industries such as e-mobility. He cited a study by the International Energy Agency forecasting a 125% increase in electric vehicle demand by 2030, urging mineral-rich nations, especially in Africa, to adopt responsible production strategies. This includes workforce investment to cultivate skilled engineers and geologists necessary for sustainable practices.

Despite progress, Rwabuhungu noted that Rwanda still lacks a dedicated geological survey institution akin to those in the United States and the United Kingdom. Such institutions are vital for understanding and mapping natural resources effectively in the country.

In conclusion, Digne Rwabuhungu’s insights into Rwanda’s mineral resources reveal a well-documented historical context and highlight the significant potential for future exploration and development. The establishment of geology education has improved professional expertise in the country, but there is an ongoing need for dedicated institutions to manage geological surveys. As technology evolves, Rwanda must strategically position itself to meet the impending demand for critical minerals, thus benefiting from its geological assets.

Original Source: www.newtimes.co.rw