Easing Sanctions on Syria: A Step Towards Recovery or Delayed Response?

The EU has lifted sanctions on certain sectors in Syria ahead of a national dialogue, but complete removal remains uncertain due to skepticism regarding effective reforms. Analysts stress that lifting sanctions is vital for Syria’s recovery while encouraging a stable transition towards inclusive governance. The international community continues to grapple with historical precedents that bind sanction relief to the new government’s performance amidst the backdrop of a fragile socio-economic landscape.

The European Union (EU) has announced the lifting of certain sanctions on Syria prior to the national dialogue in Damascus scheduled for February 25. This easing specifically targets the oil, gas, electricity, and transport sectors, alongside modified banking restrictions to facilitate humanitarian aid. However, the complete and permanent cessation of all sanctions remains uncertain as many Western leaders express skepticism regarding the formation of an inclusive governance capable of enacting necessary reforms.

The EU’s decision to alleviate sanctions comes one day before an interim government-led national dialogue, with President Ahmad Al-Sharaa committed to advancing towards an inclusive transitional administration. Critics have labeled the preparations for this event as hasty, yet it drew about 600 delegates aiming to draft a new constitution and create a pathway for economic reform. Rights advocates assert that lifting sanctions, especially from the United States, is essential for Syria’s recovery.

“Lifting sanctions is crucial at this moment to promote a stable and peaceful political transition in Syria,” stated Nanar Hawach, a senior analyst at the International Crisis Group. Moreover, Ibrahim Al-Assil from the Middle East Institute stressed that rebuilding the middle class is vital for genuine political progress, stating, “Economic devastation limits Syrians’ ability to engage in the political transition.”

Human Rights Watch highlighted the detrimental effects of continuing sanctions, claiming they hinder reconstruction and worsen living conditions for millions of Syrians. Concerns were raised regarding the state of the population, with over half lacking access to nutritious food and millions in need of humanitarian assistance. Economic analysts emphasize that without lifting sanctions or receiving substantial external funding, a significant deterioration of conditions is imminent.

The EU has qualified that any ongoing sanctions relief will depend on the new interim government’s ability to implement meaningful reforms. EU’s diplomatic representative Kaja Kallas warned that sanctions might be reinstated if compliance is not achieved. Following a reported delay in forming a technocratic government, Al-Sharaa announced the establishment of a committee tasked with drafting a temporary constitution.

The administration now faces the challenge of reconciling liberal and ultraconservative factions, with observers noting that previous symbolic gestures, such as appointing minority representation, will not adequately address the more substantial issues at stake. Should delays continue, aid agencies warn that they may jeopardize the fragile transitional process. Kenneth Roth of Human Rights Watch argued that taking a more proactive approach toward lifting sanctions could foster an environment for a rejuvenated Syria.

Although the EU has made strides in easing restrictions, US sanctions remain a significant obstacle to Syria’s recovery. The decades-long sanctions imposed by Western nations have greatly impacted the country, particularly following the regime’s violent crackdowns and sanctions due to chemical weapon use. Despite the toppling of Bashar Assad’s regime in December, most sanctions have persisted, complicating the prospects for future progress.

On January 6, the US Treasury introduced General License No. 24, which allows transactions with the transitional government, easing some restrictions concerning energy transactions while focusing predominantly on humanitarian aid. However, experts contend that further financial integration and freedom of trade are necessary to stabilize the economy.

The international community’s apprehension regarding sanction relief is understandable in light of the historical precedent, as sanctions often endure despite regime changes. Observers urge balanced measures for lifting sanctions based on the interim government’s performance while safeguarding the rights of all Syrian citizens. This transitional period necessitates a careful balance to promote both stability and inclusivity in governance.

In summary, while the EU has begun to ease certain sanctions on Syria in response to the emerging interim government, the full removal of these restrictions remains contingent upon the government’s commitment to reforms. Experts across various organizations assert that lifting sanctions is imperative for Syria’s recovery, highlighting the potential for economic reinvigoration and improved living conditions for the Syrian populace. Furthermore, cautious optimism is warranted as the country navigates the intricate path toward reconstruction and stability in the aftermath of long-standing conflicts. Incidents of delay in governance formation may pose crucial risks, but a determined and rights-respecting approach can pave the way for meaningful progress.

Original Source: www.arabnews.pk