Is Bangladesh Heading Towards a Popular Autocracy?

The article explores the potential for Bangladesh to slide into popular autocracy, highlighting the limitations of constitutional safeguards against demagogues despite reforms suggested by the CRC. It compares liberal democracies’ crises and their vulnerabilities, particularly in the U.S. The assessment underscores the need for participatory democracy to effectively address citizen rights and ensure representative governance in the face of burgeoning political challenges.

The discourse surrounding whether Bangladesh is on a trajectory toward popular autocracy delves into the current political landscape and its parallels with liberal democratic systems. Ali Riaz of the Constitution Reform Commission (CRC) has noted that while constitutional safeguards may protect against overt autocrats like Sheikh Hasina, they fall short if a demagogue with substantial popular support emerges. The proposed reforms of the CRC draw predominantly from contemporary liberal democracy rather than historical models of direct democracy, raising questions about their effectiveness in addressing Bangladesh’s unique challenges.

Liberal democracies, including the United States, are experiencing crises, revealing the limitations of their established systems in curbing authoritarianism. The American model has evidenced vulnerabilities, particularly in the context of potential populist movements, showcasing the paradox where liberal democracy struggles to maintain its ideals amid growing tensions and discontent. This reflects broader challenges faced by democratic institutions worldwide, thereby questioning their resilience against the rise of demagogues.

The constitutional evolution in the U.S. particularly highlights how liberalism, while promoting representative governance, inadvertently stifles more participatory forms of democracy, a historical shift from the ancient conception of direct rule by the populace. The results have been a centralized governance structure that limits broader democratic engagement, further complicating the ability of citizens to effectively influence policy and governance outcomes.

This shift results in political struggles being distilled into mere competition for state power, leaving ordinary citizens grappling with issues of class and systemic inequality that continue to stifle their voices. Consequently, disenfranchised populations have redirected their grievances not towards the affluent but rather towards marginalized groups, demonstrating the precarious balance of social dynamics in contemporary politics.

As Bangladesh revisits its constitutional framework, the CRC’s proposals may safeguard against authoritarian leaders but may inadequately prepare for a potential rise of a popular demagogue. An example can be seen in the CRC’s suggestion of minimal legislative representation by party-unaffiliated citizens, which risks tokenism rather than meaningful impact within a predominantly party-aligned political system. Without significant reforms that empower citizen oversight, the risks of authoritarianism loom larger in the face of escalating economic and environmental issues in Bangladesh.

The emerging influence of social media figures in Bangladesh reflects the potential rise of demagogues who may manipulate popular sentiment for political gains, echoing trends seen in other nations. As political parties struggle to meet public expectations, there lurks a possibility that individuals from the political fringes could mobilize support, leading to a destabilized political environment. Such threats necessitate proactive measures from established political entities to engage citizens in democratic processes to mitigate the risks of drifting towards autocracy.

To avert the slip into authoritarianism, a shift towards a system resembling direct democracy could provide citizens a more substantial role in governance. Drawing insights from historical models may foster genuine participation and accountability, thereby ensuring voters retain oversight of the political apparatus. Political parties in Bangladesh must adapt their strategies and foster inclusivity to sustain democratic integrity and respond adeptly to citizen concerns.

In conclusion, Bangladesh’s struggle reflects a broader narrative concerning the weaknesses of liberal democracy amidst rising authoritarianism. Constitutional reforms alone may not suffice; more participatory mechanisms need to be instituted to engage ordinary citizens meaningfully. As political parties navigate a complex landscape, embracing citizen-led initiatives is crucial for ensuring the preservation of democratic norms and preventing the emergence of popular autocracy.

Original Source: netra.news