Ethiopia and Somalia Reach Agreement to Alleviate Tensions Through Turkey’s Mediation

Ethiopia and Somalia have agreed to resolve their differences regarding Ethiopia’s proposed military base in Somaliland, brokering a peace agreement facilitated by Turkey. This follows territorial disputes over Somaliland’s independence and aims to foster cooperation while addressing regional stability and security concerns, particularly regarding peacekeeping missions.

Ethiopia and Somalia have reached a consensus to collaboratively address their disputes regarding a recent agreement that facilitates Ethiopia’s establishment of a military base in Somaliland. In exchange, Somaliland would obtain an equity stake in Ethiopia’s national airline. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan announced this agreement following a meeting with Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, emphasizing a fresh commitment to peace between the nations.

Historically, Somaliland declared independence from Somalia in 1991, yet it lacks international recognition as a separate state, leading to Somalia’s protests against the military base deal, which they claim undermines their territorial integrity. Negotiations facilitated by Turkey have been ongoing since August as part of Turkey’s broader efforts to expand its influence in Africa. Their endeavors aim to strengthen energy security by exploring offshore oil in Somalia.

The recent “Ankara Declaration” signifies a mutual agreement to resolve disputes by the end of February 2025, notwithstanding previous complications following Somaliland’s recent elections. Analysts view the leaders’ meeting positively, and there is hope that Ethiopian troops may continue their peacekeeping role in Somalia amid ongoing security challenges.

Overall, while the signed accord does not introduce novel commitments, the leadership’s willingness to engage in talks reflects a step toward resolving their historical tensions, with the prospect of future cooperation remaining crucial for regional stability.

The relationship between Ethiopia and Somalia has been strained due to territorial disputes, particularly regarding Somaliland, a region that declared its independence from Somalia in 1991 yet seeks international recognition. The tension escalated with Ethiopia’s agreement to build a military base in Somaliland, a move Somalia fiercely opposed as it contested their territorial claims. Turkey’s recent mediation is a part of its strategy to enhance its political influence in Africa while fostering a collaborative environment between the two nations amidst oil exploration interests.

In conclusion, Ethiopia and Somalia’s agreement to resolve their differences marks a significant diplomatic effort toward enhancing peace and cooperation in the Horn of Africa. The Ankara Declaration serves as a foundational step to address contentious issues, even as both nations navigate the complexities of territorial integrity and regional security dynamics. The continued collaboration, particularly concerning Ethiopian troops in Somalia, represents a critical element of stability in the region moving forward.

Original Source: financialpost.com